2. A rough estimate of the volume is good enough.
3. Use your little finger to estimate.
4. Do NOT waste time measuring exactly 2cm3 of solutions.

(courtesy of Ms Bernice Chen)
1) HYDROGEN GAS - colourless and odourless
Test for gas: hold a lighted splint over the mouth of the test tube.
Observation: Lighted splint extinguished with a 'pop' sound.
2) OXYGEN GAS - colourless and odourless
Test for gas: Place a glowing splint into the mouth of the test-tube.
Observation: Glowing splint is rekindled.
3) CARBON DIOXIDE GAS - colourless and odourless
refer to 'test for carbonate ion' video
Test for gas: Pass the gas into calcium hydroxide(limewater) solution.
Observation: White ppt formed in limewater.
(Limewater turned chalky/milky is NOT accepted.)
4) CHLORINE GAS - yellowish green and choking
Test for gas: Hold a damp blue litmus paper over the mouth of the test-tube.
Observation: Blue litmus paper turns red and then bleached.
5) AMMONIA GAS - colourless and pungent
Test for gas: Hold a damp red litmus paper over the mouth of the test-tube.
Observation: Red litmus paper turns blue.
6) SULFUR DIOXIDE GAS - colourless and choking
Test for gas: Bubble the gas evolved into the potassium dichromate (VI) solution
Observation: Potassium dichromate(VI) solution turns from orange to green.